Gustave Young: Iconic Engraver

While we were attending The Colorado Gun Collector's 48th Annual Gun Show in Denver this past May, we took in quite a few consignments.  One of the items was not a gun, but was such a direct link to history and collector firearms that it immediately stole our attention.  At first glance, it appeared to be little more than a humble book with a simple, engraved silver shield adorning its front cover.  The gilted text on the spine read "ALBUM" and we were intrigued.

Historic Leather Bound and Silver Furnished Photo Album from the Household of Historic Master Engraver Gustave Young, as Documented by Noted Arms Historian R.L. Wilson, From His Personal Collection

This album would turn out to be none other than a family photo album of legendary engraver Gustave Young, the German-born artisan whose signature crisp scrollwork and beautiful designs would set a high standard for all future gun engravers.  The "MY" engraved on the silver shield stands for Marie Young, his wife, and the "dot and line" border on the shield is in the style of the master himself.  Inside are 63 photos of men, women, children and included with the photo album is a letter from renowned author and historian R.L. Wilson, telling the story how he found this historic album and came to possess it.

Gustave Young can be seen as a young, bearded man in the lower right photo.

Young immigrated to the United States in 1846, and would engrave for Colt from 1852 into the mid 1860's, mentor the then-apprentice Conrad Ulrich, leave Colt, and return to run his own shop full-time.  He would be commissioned by Smith & Wesson in 1865 and officially enter their employ from 1869 into the 1890's.  His stature then was almost equal to what it has become today.  He was once known to have thrown D.B. Wesson out of this work area yelling, "Get out of my shop!  You talk so much I can't work!"  One characteristic of a Gustave Young piece that has changed over the years: the price.  He once wrote a letter to Wesson stating that his work would take 5-6 days to complete and that his charge would be $50.00.  His works now command hundreds of thousands of dollars or more!  Oddly, these masterpiece creations were the engravers secondary job while employed at their respective factories.  Their primary task was to create the dies required to produce firearms.  Firearms historian Roy Jinks says, "The engraver was busy cutting letter and number stamping dies, hammer and trigger checkering cutters, and wheels for rolling the company name on top of the barrel.  Engraving and gold inlaying were secondary assignments, designed to increase revenue and help reduce the overhead of this expensive service."  Gustave would pass away on January 3, 1895, but had had two sons, Oscar and Eugene, that would continue his engraving legacy at Smith & Wesson until 1913.

Examine the following items.  Most of them were engraved and/or inlaid by Gustave himself, two were likely created by an engraver in his shop, but all are exceptional examples of American firearms craftsmanship.

Factory Engraved Colt Model 1851 Navy Revolver

One of two Colt 1851 Navy revolvers available in this auction, this is the earlier of the two having been manufactured in 1859.  This is a classic example of Gustave's style, showing off his European training in his trademark Germanic scrollwork on a punch-dot background.  He also included his signature Wolf's head design on the hammer as well as another animal head on the left side of the barrel lug - another well-known European design that has existed for centuries.  The contrast of the two toned metals is striking and the pistol finishes nicely with a handsome, one-piece, walnut grip.



Magnificent Sharps Panel Scene Gustave Young Engraved Model 1853 Percussion Sporting Rifle

This rifle was manufactured sometime between 1854 and 1856 and has the honor to be featured on page 103 of R.L. Wilson's book, "Steel Canvas."  He states in his book that the engraving, while performed in Young's shop, was probably executed by a worker other than Young himself.  It features engraving on the patchbox, hammer, breech end of the barrel, receiver, and the edge of the muzzle.  A trademark of Young's style, it also has nine dots stamped on it to indicate the level of embellishment.  Our consignor notes that only four model 1853 Model 1853 Sporting Rifles were made with "Extra Engraving."  Combine that with the fact that this gun is not a Colt nor Smith & Wesson and this gun becomes an especially rare example of an engraving connected to Young.  Also auctioned off with the rifle are the accessories and the original shipping box, still stamped on its lid with the owner's name and address!



Extraordinary Documented Gustave Young's 1893 Chicago World's Fair Exposition Engraved and Gold Inlaid Smith & Wesson 44 Double Action Frontier Model Revolver with Nevada Gold Mining Lawman History

Remember this Gustave Young engraved beauty?  We did a comprehensive write-up of its rich and amazing history earlier this month!  If you missed it the first time, consider this a great second chance to learn all about it.  You'll be glad you did.  Click here to open the article in a new window.


Factory Engraved Colt Model 1849 Pocket Revolver

Here the dots which Gustave and his shop used to indicate varying levels of ornamentation
can be seen on the hammer.

This Colt Pocket Revolver is a smaller firearm than the other featured pieces seen here, but it also manages to be saturated with textbook Gustave Young style.  The scrollwork, the wolf's head hammer, and punch dots on the hammer are all in-line with his work.  This revolver, while maintaining those characteristics as well as the stately, polished walnut handle, also has some features that the other guns in this article would be proud to possess.  The scroll scene is the Stagecoach Holdup scene and all visible screws are engraved on their heads, a feature absent on even the previous gun that was featured in the Columbian Exposition.  This revolver's brass trigger guard and backstrap, in addition to being engraved, are also silver plated.  It's another classic example of Young's style that any collector would be privileged to have in their collection.




Fine Cased Gustave Young Factory Engraved Colt Model 1851 Navy Revolver with Factory Letter

The later of the two Colt 1851 Navy revolvers in our September 2013 Premiere Auction, this particular specimen still enjoys the comforts of its case and the company of its accessories.  A subtle difference between the two is the factory marking indicating that the firearm was to be engraved.  On the earlier model, a simple square shaped punch is placed in several locations, but on this model the punch has since been replaced by the letter "E" for "engraved" or other special finishes.  The amount of finish on the gun is impressive as are the touches of casehardening that grace the receiver, trigger, and screws.  The walnut grip shines with polish and its wood grains were well-chosen to finish out this becoming firearm.

One of the many animal heads that Young would incorporate in his scrollwork, a technique
European engravers have used for centuries.

Rare Early Production Colt Model 1 1855 Sidehammer Pocket Revolver with Hand Engraved Cylinder, Hammer and Barrel Address

This small looking Colt will bring a high level of rarity to the lucky collector who adds it to their collection.  For starters, it's a Model 1 Revolver.  Model 1s are one of the rarest Colt percussion revolvers, fewer produced than any Paterson, and their appearances at auction are far between.  This particular model is one of only 175 Model 1 Colt sidehammers made in 1855!  The address is also unique, being found only on early 1855 sidehammer revolvers with octagon barrels and of course, this gun wouldn't be featured in this article if it wasn't graced by the hand of Gustave Young.  The 5-shot  cylinder is wrapped with the hand engraved 'Cabin and Indian' scene, a depiction of a young homesteader man interrupted from chopping down a tree, stands firm to defend his cabin from Indians while his wife escapes with a swaddled child in her arms.  The remaining Indians, with three of their own dispatched and lying on the ground, seem to have lost their courage and are in various stages of surrender or retreat.

Young's telltale punch dots are present on the hammer below the spur and the revolver sports an attractive, polished, one piece rosewood grip.  It is a rare day indeed when a Model 1 comes up for auction, let alone one with the Colt commercial blue finish on the barrel and frame, the casehardened pieces (loading lever, cylinder pin, and hammer), the low serial number of 76, as well as being embellished by one of America's greatest firearms engravers.  All this for an estimated price that is a fraction of that of a Paterson?  Colt collectors should be lining up for this one!

This auction's representation of Gustave Young works is truly impressive.  What's more, there are firearms in this auction decorated by other master engravers in Young's beloved style.  Names such as Dennis Kies, Conrad Ulrich, and Andrew Bourbon have all engraved firearms in the Young style that appear in our September 2013 Premiere Auction.  This auction is truly a potent and diverse offering of some of the most significant and spectacular firearms.  Featuring the collections of noted collectors such as William H.D. Goddard, Mac McCroskie, Michael Ginn, C.D. Terry, Chuck & Sharron Lindley, Jerry Bowe, James Rankin, and John Olin, we are truly excited as our September auction date grows closer and closer.  We hope you are too.  Keep reading each week for more articles about the marvelous firearms here at Rock Island Auction Company!

A prime example of Young's signature "Wolf's Head."

-Written by Joel R. Kolander




SOURCES

Bleile, C. Roger. American Engravers. North Hollywood, CA: Beinfeld Pub., 1980. Print.

Jinks, Roy G., and Joseph Carvalho. Artistry in Arms: The Guns of Smith & Wesson. Springfield, MA: Smith & Wesson, 1992. Print.

Wilson, R. L. Colt: An American Legend (Sesquicentennial Edition). New York: Artabras, 1992. Print.

Rare & Unparalleled Colt 1860s

Colt has long led the way in collectable firearms.  Whether it's Walkers, Patersons, Peacemakers, or Londons, people want to collect Colt firearms.  To those collectors I excitedly say, "You're in luck!"  Rock Island Auction Company's September 2013 Premiere Auction has a remarkable number of gorgeous Colts just waiting to find a new collection to call home.  To give you an idea of just how many exceptional Colts there are, this article will cover a selection of our Colt 1860 Army revolvers.  If this is a small sample of just one model, imagine what the entire auction will look like!

The Colt 1860 Army built off of the wild success of previous Colt models and was the most used pistol in the U.S. Civil War.  It was originally known as the "New Model Holster Pistol" and more than 200,000 of the iconic revolvers were produced with 129,730 being purchased by the U.S. Government for issue to troops.  This was no large surprise as Colt was already the largest private seller of arms to the U.S. Government.  These would replace the Third Model Dragoons that had been manufactured since 1851 and would cut the weight of the soldier's sidearm almost in half.  The new, easier to wield revolvers would prove to be prized by both sides of the Civil War.  In fact, "Quantrell's force is supposed to have been armed with four revolvers to the man, two in belt holsters and two on the saddle."

Documented Cased British Proofed Colt Model 1860 Army Revolver with Rare Matching Canteen Shoulder Stock Photographed in The Book of Colt Firearms

The 1800's were a time of invention.  Some call it a time of gadgets.  The Industrial Revolution had gotten its second wind and America was manufacturing like mad!  We had new forms of power, higher efficiency, machine-based production, new materials, new chemicals, and machine tools.  America was inventing more in the 1850's, 60's, & 70's than it had in its entire existence.  It gave rise to such life-altering inventions as the sewing machine, the typewriter, the telephone, and the lightbulb.

However, not all inventions would have such profound consequences.  Camera pocket watches, canes with any number of varied purposes (swords, guns, telescopes, etc), ring guns, new kitchen utensils, farm implements, and many more were simply the fad devices of their day and their longevity was limited.  One of those inventions with a limited lifespan was that of the Colt Model 1860 Army that came with a "canteen stock."  Intended to lessen the amount of gear a soldier would have to haul by combining two pieces of equipment into one, the canteen stock became available as early as the Second Model Dragoon.  Colt credited then Secretary of War, Jefferson Davis with the concept of the attachable breech shoulder stock, though Colt kept the 1859 patent (number 22,627) in his name and fails to mention Davis in the patent application.


Rare and Extraordinary London Cased Colt Model 1860 Army Revolver

Our next Model 1860 has a rarity driven by the fact that it is both British cased and proofed.  The case is oak with brass hardware and all seven baize-lined compartments have their accessory in place.  The gun itself is in such excellent condition that several books on the subject do not have a finer specimen shown in their pages.  The amount of bluing that remains on the barrel of this gun is phenomenal and remains in a crisp, black, shine.  It seems to flow into the vivid case hardening, which itself only ceases when reaching the highly-polished, one-piece, walnut grip.

The screws softly glow their nitre blue hue.

Look at the case hardening and high volume of blue!

Extremely Rare Initial Production Colt Model 1860 Army Revolver Serial Number 35 with Navy Size Grip

What makes this Colt so rare?  We believe that noted Colt authority R. L. Wilson says it best when he states, "Several rare variations exist within the Army series, and these are: 1. Approximately 55 of the first 100 revolvers have round, rebated cylinders, three screw frames NOT cut for shoulder stocks, Hartford barrel addresses, silver plated brass backstraps and trigger guards, 7 1/2" barrels and Navy size grips... The first 100 revolvers do not have capping channels in the recoil shield cutouts."  He writes this of an identical revolver (serial number 5) on p.158 of The Book of Colt Firearms.  The revolver pictured below is serial number 35.  Extremely limited production, low serial number, iconic firearm, legendary Colt name...  Need we say more?

Outstanding Cased Early Production Colt Model 1860 Fluted Cylinder Army Revolver
This pistol is an example of the scarce, early production Colt Model 1860s that featured a 7 1/2" barrel and a fluted cylinder.  They are known in the original shipping ledgers as the "cavalry" model and approximately only 4,000 were manufactured.  This revolver is serial number 1504, well within the serial number range for  the early production variations.  Many of these fluted 1860s were shipped to dealers in the South before the beginning of the Civil War.  Because of their release prior to such a large conflict, even fewer remain that one might expect and rarely will one encounter an example with any amount of original finish.

These rare, beautiful Colt 1860s are only the tip of the iceberg.  Not only do we have 21 in total, but the selection of all our Colt antique handguns is this auction is over 120 items!  Also, if some of the original Colts are a bit too pricey, we have an excellent selection of Commemorative Colts many of which are rare or specialized in their own right.  With over 120 originals and almost 190 commemoratives, that's almost 300 ways to get your hands on a piece of Colt history!  And those are just the old-style Colt handguns!  In the very near future we'll have all the items in our September Premiere Auction available for viewing in our Online Catalog.  We'll also have some pre-made categories available so that you can find the guns that interest you most with a simple mouse click.  Follow us on Facebook, Google+, or Twitter to be one of the first to receive these updates!  In the meantime, you'll want to view our recently released 16-page mailer that gives a sneak peek at some of our Premiere Auction's featured items.

Click here to view our Premiere Auction Mailer!

SOURCES:

Adler, Dennis. Colt Single Action: From Patersons to Peacemakers. Edison, NJ: Chartwell, 2007. Print.

Haven, Charles T., and Frank A. Belden. A History of the Colt Revolver, and the Other Arms Made by Colt's Patent Fire Arms Manufacturing Company from 1836 to 1940,. New York: W. Morrow &, 1940. Print.

Hogg, Ian V. Weapons of the Civil War. New York: Military, 1987. Print.

Wilson, R. L. Colt: An American Legend. New York: Morrow &, 1985. Print.